About bose einstein condensate

Under such conditions, a large fraction of bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, at which point microscopic quantum phenomena, particularly wavefunction interference, become apparent. The Bose - Einstein state of matter was the only one created while your parents were alive. It forms when the particles that make it up have very low energy.

Under such supercooled conditions, a large fraction of the atoms collapse into the lowest quantum state, at which point quantum effects become apparent on a . This chapter is intended to give an overview of the physics of Bose-Einstein condensation and low-temperature scattering theory, with an emphasis on how these may be applied to the study of mixtures of two different bosonic species.

Using highly focuse single frequency lasers it is possible to cool the single sodium atoms, negating their thermal vibrations by inducing electronic transitions which effectively pushes .

A gas of atoms is trapped and cooled by lasers.

Particles, like everything, have wave properties, such as . An introduction to Bose Einstein Condensation. Physicists and physical chemists are finding that having the coldest place in the universe is becoming increasingly useful. Small collections of atoms or ions cooled to ultra- low . The bosons collapse into this state in circumstances of extremely low temperature, . Bose - Einstein condensates , often called the fifth state of matter, are obtained when atoms are cooled almost to absolute zero.

Under these conditions, the particles no longer have free energy to move relative to on another,. Happy birthday to BEC and the amazing physics it enables. In our daily experience, most of us deal with three phases of matter: soli liqui and gas. Correlating an atomic condensate.

The strongest of such correlations, Bell correlations, have been detected in small . The ability to tune the interactions between the ultracold atoms by an external magnetic field is crucial to obtain the condensate and offers intriguing features for potential applications. Some have integer spins and can be expected to obey Bose–Einstein statistics like traditional particles. Bose – Einstein condensation can occur in quasiparticles, particles that are effective descriptions of collective excitations in materials. Conditions for condensation of various quasiparticles have been predicted and . The observed condensate depletion is reversibly tuneable by changing the strength of the interparticle interactions. Ultracold quantum gases have provided condensates close to the original ideas of Bose and . Here we explore the dynamics of how . Microcavity polaritons are of particular interest because quantum phenomena such as BEC and superfluidity can be observed at elevated . The mathematical description of B. In the left plot, no Bose Einstein Condensation took place.

In the middle plot, the conditions for condensation were hardly achieved. Mean-field ground states, Bogoliubov spectra, and many-body ground and excited states of spinor BECs are discussed. One can still clearly see the statistically . Properties of spin- polarized dipolar BECs and those of spinor–dipolar BECs are reviewed.