Einstein condensate

Under such conditions, a large fraction of bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, at which point microscopic quantum phenomena, particularly wavefunction interference, become apparent. Using highly focuse single frequency lasers it is possible to cool the single sodium atoms, negating their thermal vibrations by inducing electronic transitions which effectively pushes . It forms when the particles that make it up have very low energy. Other sections include elements, the periodic table, reactions, and biochemistry.

In the left plot, no Bose Einstein Condensation took place.

In the middle plot, the conditions for condensation were hardly achieved.

One can still clearly see the statistically .

Some have integer spins and can be expected to obey Bose–Einstein statistics like traditional particles. Bose– Einstein condensation can occur in quasiparticles, particles that are effective descriptions of collective excitations in materials. Conditions for condensation of various quasiparticles have been predicted and . A gas of atoms is trapped and cooled by lasers. Capturing the Holy GrailEric A. Cornell of the National Institute of Standards and Technology and Carl E. Under such supercooled conditions, a large fraction of the atoms collapse into the lowest quantum state, at which point quantum effects become apparent on a . The bosons collapse into this state in circumstances of extremely low temperature, . A gaseous superfluid phase of matter in which all the particles have the same quantum state.

Bose- Einstein condensate (plural Bose- Einstein condensates ). The photons in the beam act as tiny ping pong balls, bouncing off much . Under these conditions, the particles no longer have free energy to move relative to on another,. Particles, like everything, have wave properties, such as . An introduction to Bose Einstein Condensation. Physicists and physical chemists are finding that having the coldest place in the universe is becoming increasingly useful.

Small collections of atoms or ions cooled to ultra- low . Correlating an atomic condensate. The strongest of such correlations, Bell correlations, have been detected in small . Understanding these challenging problems is necessary for the correct description of Bose-condensed systems. The principal problems considered in . In our daily experience, most of us deal with three phases of matter: soli liqui and gas.